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The report by the Center for Strategic Analysis in a housing report released Wednesday is brutal: while the subject of aid mobilizes huge (37 billion euros) from the State and local governments, households the less fortunate spend more on housing. In 2005, they spent at this position 41.4% of their income against 25% in 1988.

To improve the situation of more modest in this area, the Center for Strategic Analysis made several proposals, focused on social housing. "First, it should be that only those who earn more than five times the annual rent for a dwelling may be candidates for living," Chriqui advance Vincent, general manager of that agency of the Prime Minister. A measure of common sense would settle with the current situation today, up 64% of households are eligible for public housing.

To reserve social housing for disadvantaged populations, some only dream of being able to expel those whose income has become, over time, well above the maximum income. This would call into question the sacrosanct principle of the right to remain in public housing, one of the cornerstones of the world HLM. Cautiously, the Center for Strategic Analysis does not follow that direction.

However, he has worked on a system where the rent paid by tenants would be modulated according to their income. "In fact, rents are nominally higher and tenants would receive a grant that would cover some of this burden, says Vincent Chriqui. The premium will be lowered when the tenant would see its revenues increase. "To avoid creating too strong reactions in a world quite restive HLM changes of this kind, this system would first be tested by some social landlords . If the Center for Strategic Analysis recommends this solution is that the devices require tenants whose incomes exceed the ceilings to pay additional rent malfunctioning. Normally, a public housing tenant whose remuneration exceeds 20% of the maximum income to pay a surloyer. "But it is a cumbersome process that requires to initiate proceedings," said Vincent Chriqui. Soft law passed in 2009 plans to evict a tenant of public housing for two successive years if its resources are at least two times higher than the ceiling. But we must wait three years after this observation that the measure could be effective. Result: more than three years after its adoption, the text has yet to produce any effects.

Statistical tool

Last priority recommendation of the Center for Strategic Analysis: Building a statistical tool that emphasizes respect for each program HLM, level of public support and the "discount" rent in the social housing compared to private apartments around the park. "By learning about government subsidies and the results they deliver, this should help to refocus the production of social housing where the need is greatest," says Vincent Chriqui.

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The figures are record: 101,700 megawatts (MW) consumed by the French at 19 o'clock last night, a record that surpasses the previous day, to 100,500 megawatts. The previous record was 15 December 2010 to 96,710 megawatts. With each new wave of cold correpond a new historic peak of consumption to meet the increased need for hot water and heating.

Why do we save these records, while 2011 saw a decrease of 6.8% of electricity consumption in France? The sensitivity of electricity consumption to cold temperatures has increased over the last decade, the order of 70 MW per year, says the electricity transmission network (RTE), a subsidiary of EDF responsible for network of power lines. In addition, our electro-climate sensitivity is higher than our neighbors to each degree less, Europeans consume more today 5000 MW, of which only 2300 MW in France! In comparison, Britain consumes 600 MW for each degree lost, Germany and Italy 500 MW 300 MW.

This explains why the French electrical consumption was so low in 2011, the warmest year since 1900. Instead, the cold snap earlier this year led to a series of daily records: the scale of temperatures, the geographic scope (on the whole territory) and the duration of this wave creates a phenomenon of "cold accumulating," said Herve Mignon, Director of Economy, Planning and transparency in TEN.

More electric heaters, more devices

The origin of this particular sensitivity to cold in France: electric heating, which team nearly a third of homes and is installed in 80% of units built in 2009, according to the Environment Agency to control Energy (ADEME). "The electric heaters (except models with heat accumulation) contributes to peak electricity consumption observed around 19h," says this on his site. "It's a French specialty, says Francoise Clement, Information Officer at ADEME. We relied on electric heating, which makes us very dependent on climate. "

Easier and cheaper to install than central heating, it is elected by overwhelming in a country where electricity is more abundant than elsewhere. However, it may prove far more expensive to use, especially since many homes are poorly insulated. "The actual search for energy savings is still new in France, Clement says Françoise. We had no temperature control before 1975 and our expertise in high performance homes is still underdeveloped. "Now, the heat losses are significant: 25% to 30% through the roof, 25% by walls and 10% to 15% by windows.

In parallel, the use of electrical appliances has been steadily improving. In the living room consoles, computers and televisions are increasingly hungry for electricity, as well as kitchen equipment, such as coffee makers and electric robots. "The spirit of cocooning" increases in household demand, explains Françoise Clemente: "We like to equip themselves, we want to be like home."

We must add that the growing electricity demand with economic growth and the continued increase in population. In its latest forecast balance, RTE still see electricity consumption to grow by 1.1% by 2015. Then, assuming an improvement in energy efficiency in buildings, consumption could increase by 0.6% per year by 2030.

The government of George Papandreou won the confidence of the Greek Parliament in the night from Friday to Saturday with only three votes in advance (153 votes out of 300). A reprieve for the Prime Minister called for the formation of a coalition cabinet, in a speech before the crucial vote for the ratification of the Europe Agreement Debt of Greece and the future of the country. According to Papandreou, the early elections – that the Conservative opposition was calling for – was a disastrous decision, likely to endanger the payment of the sixth tranche of aid from the European rescue plan.

On borrowed time since the disputed proposal to hold a referendum on the agreement, laboriously adopted at the European summit at dawn on October 27, Papandreou has started to prepare for his release, saying in his speech he was ready to leave office ."My position is the last thing I care about. Even matter if I am not re-elected. (…) I never conceived of politics as a profession, "he said.

The head of government has indeed lost the little credibility he had left with the political elite and the Greek people. Even within his party, PASOK (Socialist), leadership is increasingly contested. The barons of the government are the finance minister, Evangelos Venizelos, Minister of Education, Anna Diamantopoulou, the Health Minister, Andreas Loverdos, lambasted the escape of his responsibilities as representing the call to the people, as unexpected as moved. The abandonment of the idea, which had angered the countries in the euro area was confirmed Friday in Athens.

All will be played Wednesday. "No decision will be announced following the summit of the euro area, which takes place this Sunday late afternoon in Brussels, although work is progressing well," said Nicolas Sarkozy and Angela Merkel in a joint press conference after a meeting of leaders of 27 countries of the European Union. French President and German Chancellor said that the work "techniques" were still to be completed by the new top of the euro area on Wednesday. The summit will be preceded by another meeting of twenty-seven, they said. "Work is progressing well on the banks of the support fund and the potential use of this fund. The assumptions are tightening and a broad agreement is taking shape. "

On the issue of Greece, progress, assured the leaders without giving details.The stabilization of the indebted country will pass through international loans and additional losses of creditor banks in the country. Europe the figure to at least 50%. According to the report of the troika (representatives of the EU, the ECB and the IMF), the discount should be 60% to maintain unchanged the envelope of € 109 billion promised to Greece, as part a second rescue plan officially recorded on July 21.

Main stumbling block between Paris and Berlin, the transformation of the European Financial Stability Fund (EFSF) in the bank, which insisted on France, finally does more of the options considered by the finance ministers of the single currency. The idea was that the Paris Fund bank can borrow from the European Central Bank. "The two options still on the table to strengthen the EFSF do not involve the ECB," confirmed the German Chancellor.This leaves two options: either the mechanism acts as a partial insurance of the public debt of troubled countries or the IMF is expected to increase its participation in the scheme.

In another area, "the work is progressing well on the recapitalization of banks," said Nicolas Sarkozy, again without providing details on the proposed solutions. Countries of the European Union discussed a budget from 107 to 108 billion euros at the meeting of finance ministers on Saturday night. "Banks must find the money markets," stressed Angela Merkel.

Finally, the pressure on Italy is maximum. The two leaders urged the Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, with whom they met ahead of the summit, for it to decisively implement a program of growth and debt reduction Alps online payday advance."I hope that decisions will be taken (…) Italy is a major economic force but it has a very high public debt should be reduced in a credible manner in the years to come," says Angela Merkel . Nicolas Sarkozy has outbid by saying that Paris and Berlin were "confident sense of responsibility of all the Italian authorities' political, financial and economic."

"Do not repeat the mistakes of the past"

"We must work differently in the future," said Angela Merkel. German Chancellor said that we should not "repeat the mistakes of the past." The problem of the euro area far exceeds that of Greece, she hammered, emphasizing the need for each country to conduct "a tighter fiscal policy."The President of the European Union, Herman Van Rompuy, confirmed on Sunday that the EU treaty could be modified to improve the functioning of the euro area. "The aim is to deepen our economic union and strengthen our fiscal discipline," he said.

Europe is facing economically to "serious challenges", said Herman Van Rompuy, at the opening of the EU summit this morning. He felt that the decisions to be taken by EU leaders to deal with were "perhaps the most important" they've ever had to face the financial crisis. Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou, had also felt it was "time" to take "decisive and effective." "It is clear that the crisis (debt) is not Greek. This is a European crisis, "he judged.

For its part, the Belgian Prime Minister Yves Leterme had tried hard not announce anything at all on Sunday, in light of market pressure. "It is essential for tomorrow morning at the opening of markets, we have made sufficient progress so as not to jeopardize the credibility of the euro area," he said. Same story for the European partners have not adopted the single currency, which are concerned about the fallout from the debt crisis. "The crisis in the euro area is being extended to all our economies, including that of Great Britain ', launched the British Prime Minister David Cameron.

(With agencies)

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New blow for the euro area. After Fitch, it was the turn of Standard & Poor's to break down a notch credit rating of Spain, which changes to "AA-". The rating agency also maintains a negative outlook on the country. In other words, a further downgrade of the country can not be excluded.

The agency believes that financial services' growth prospects are uncertain "because of" increasing risks "facing the economy. The agency referred in particular to "the incomplete reform of the labor market will continue to hinder economic recovery." In the view of S & P, Spain could fall into recession next year, with GDP expected down 0.5%.

The fragility of the financial system is also the Achilles heel of the fourth largest economy in the eurozone.S & P is concerned and "a probable further deterioration of asset quality of the Spanish financial system."

The agency also questioned the budgetary targets of the Zapatero government. The Spanish public deficit forecast at 6.2% of GDP for 2011 could be exceeded. As for reducing the deficit to 4.4% of GDP in 2012, it will not be possible without "additional measures".

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"Fear of recession the country will fare

On one stone? Intense negotiations are under way for at least a solution, at least in part, to two simultaneous problems: the failure credit faced by French local authorities, and the fragility of the balance sheet of oversized French-Belgian bank Dexia.

Concordant sources, in fact, Dexia, the Deposit Bank and postal workers, under the watchful eye of the state, to create a new bank, public, local communities. Friday, none of the parties did not wish to make comments.

The new entity will take over long held by Crédit Local de France (CLF), ancestor of Dexia, with mayors, councils and other French regions.Its creation would be an opportunity to ease the minds of elected officials, heated by the explosion of interest on certain loans "toxic", including underwritten by Dexia before 2008. The new state-owned bank could put forward a much more wise.

Above all, his arrival on the market would open the tap of credit to local communities. In a financial crisis, Dexia and its competitors, such as savings banks, Societe Generale and foreign banks have largely abandoned this market in recent months.

The Postal Bank and the Caisse des Depots would hold society together, Dexia that may remain a shareholder.They should also take control of all or part of the loan portfolio of existing communities with Dexia French (70 billion euros) and Dexia Municipal Agency: such operators shall ensure, by means of mortgage bonds, the refinancing of the commitment of Dexia. A new ownership would bring also the financial strength necessary to maintain its "AAA" rating.

Pirouette history

For Dexia, the operation could be an opportunity to significantly reduce its balance sheet totaling more than 500 billion euros personal business card. It has already been reduced by 15% year on year, thanks to the divestment of assets made in the first half. But despite this recent treatment, the group remains fragile, especially in the current distrust of markets against financial groups in Europe.

"The idea is on the table.Its terms are far from being arrested, "said a source familiar with the matter. The role of Dexia, the volume of the transferred assets, their quality – particularly with regard to loans that are the subject of disputes with communities who have subscribed – all of which are still on the table. Many criteria which depend then the financial terms of the transaction.

The reactive pattern of lines of inquiry explored from 2008-2009. Even then, the idea of ​​the deposits of La Banque Postale deal with Dexia loans (assets of French local authorities are placed in the Treasury) was considered. The arrival of the CDC in the capital of La Banque Postale has facilitated the project. The project has also the flavor of a sacred spin the story to the Fund: Crédit Local de France was born of a branch of the Caisse des Depots, which then end up twenty years after a historic activity.But for the CDC, the issue is complex: it has (with the NOC) 20% of Dexia, it has recapitalized with the Belgian shareholders in 2008 to see the action rolled back in recent months. Perform an operation which finally reduces the bank's balance sheet and liquidity requirements would constitute a significant step forward. This is what its proponents would argue with the board, including representatives from Belgium, possibly as early as next Tuesday.

European solidarity is crumbling a little more each passing day, while Greece and by extension the whole euro area plunged into crisis. The new wake-up call came Thursday from the Netherlands, already among the most reluctant to accept the end of July a second bailout of Greece. Exclusion from the euro area is no longer taboo.

The Dutch Minister of Finance Jan Kees de Jager, called Thursday for sanctions on countries in the euro area that do not fit European requirements for fiscal discipline. "If a country does not wish to meet the requirements, then there is no other option but to leave," said the minister. He added: "If we can not keep to the rules of the game, then you must leave the game" but added that it was only "a last resort."The day before, the Liberal Prime Minister Mark Rutte had already called for the creation of a post of European Commissioner responsible for enforcing the stability pact, demanding the implementation of sanctions as a limitation of funds or a loss of the right vote.

These misgivings, if they meet the concerns of domestic politics, can not find at least resonate with its neighbors. Finland still requires, in exchange for his participation in the aid plan, strict guarantees, while Slovakia has postponed the approval of the December European Financial Stability Fund (EFSF).

Tutelage

The Dutch minister said that the remaining German and Finnish counterparts, met Tuesday in Berlin, welcomed the proposals.The chairman of the Financial Markets Authority (AMF) has poured oil on the fire, speaking in a setting under supervision of Greece, on failure of the bailout and failure of economic commitments. "Yes, if there is no other measure, it must be done," said Jean-Pierre Jouyet, former Secretary of State for European Affairs. At the same time, Athens warned Thursday by the voice of the Minister of Economy, the deficit will be higher than expected because of the recession. The European Commission has tried to defuse the pressure: "No release or removal of the euro area is possible after the Treaty of Lisbon. Participation in the euro area is irrevocable. "

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The U.S. stock markets are given a little air on Wednesday. After the U.S. central bank acknowledged that the economy continues to grow, the Dow Jones gained 2.26% to 11,390.98 points, the Nasdaq climbed 2.85% to 2544.29 points and the S & P 500 is 2, 73% to 1197.09 points.

United States: 300 billion dollars for the job?

Thursday, U.S. President, Barack Obama must speak to announce a new stimulus package. Bloomberg and CNN, Bush is expected to announce Thursday the release of 300 billion dollars (about 213 billion euros) for employment.

The euro was up 0.34% to 1.4055 dollars in late morning. The European currency is notably supported by the decision of the Swiss National Bank (SNB) to set a floor price of 1.20 francs per euro.

Oil prices have, for them, increased sharply, supported by the prolonged interruption of production in the Gulf of Mexico, the sudden force of scholarship and a report from the Fed positive for U.S. growth. On the New York Mercantile Exchange, a barrel of "light sweet crude" (WTI) for October delivery rose 3.32 dollars compared to the previous day, to clinch at 89.34 dollars.

Yahoo: Markets welcome the departure of Carol Bartz

The exchange operator NYSE Euronext (4.03% to 26.10 dollars) recorded in August increased volumes of transactions on the cash market and derivatives, both the U.S. and Europe, a trend that reflecting strong market activity this summer. In the U.S., sales rose 38.9% to 3.2 billion shares daily volume.At one month, the volume increased by 60%.

Yahoo! (6.51% to 13.75 dollars) on Tuesday announced after the close of Wall Street the departure of its CEO, Carol Bartz, thanked months to three years after being chosen to revive a society in decline. The group is now looking for a new boss to find the way of immediate croissance.Dans, Timothy Morse, Chief Financial Officer since July 2009, temporarily taking the reins of the web portal cash advance loans.

All Nippon Airways (7.84% to 6.60 dollars) expects to receive the last of the 55 aircraft ordered 787 Dreamliners from Boeing by 2018, said the president of the largest airline.ANA, which will be the first customer for Boeing to fly the aircraft, will receive the first copy of 787 on Sept. 25 and anticipates delivery of 20 additional Dreamliners by March 2013.

Bank of America (3% to 7.20 dollars), experiencing significant challenges, announced Tuesday a reorganization of its management team with the appointment of two new operational directors, David Darnell and Tom Montag, from the ranks of the bank.

Note also a major shareholder of the Canadian Research in Motion (RIM) (0.03% to 30.98 dollars), the maker of BlackBerry smartphones, listed on Wall Street, on Tuesday called the "transformations" in the major group or its sale to tone the decline in value of its title.

The oil company Chevron (2.79% to 98.28 dollars) announced the discovery of oil during a drill in the Gulf of Mexico, offshore Louisiana (southern U.S.).

Altera (1.46% to 35.37 dollars) announced that it expected a sales growth of 2% -3% in the third quarter, against an increase of 2% to 6% previously due to lower demand.

For his part, Darden Restaurants (-4.24% to 44.22 dollars) expects sales growth of 6.5% to 7.5% over the year and an EPS growth of 12%.In addition, the company wants to make stock repurchases for 400 to 500 million dollars this year against 300-400 million previously announced.

The American expert group purchases online Groupon, who announced in June its intention to go public, "reassess the timing" of this operation and has canceled a tour dedicated to the promotion of its future trading, reports the Wall Street Tuesday Journal.

When a patron of the CAC 40 announced that his family moved to Hong Kong, it creates inevitably stir. Jean-Pascal Tricoire, chief executive of Schneider Electric, a lot of time already happening in Asia, where the group generates 26% of its turnover and that, above all, it takes half its growth. Given the strategic importance of the area, the leader has planned to go there more often. Hence the decision to move his family from his base camp.

"It will not change the management of the group," insists there be at Schneider. The headquarters of Schneider remains in Rueil-Malmaison (Hauts-de-Seine) and its supervisory board will continue to meet in France under the presidency of Henri Lachmann. Nevertheless.The choice of a home owner in the CAC 40 – the first of its kind – has symbolic value: it illustrates the inexorable redeployment of large groups to emerging countries, foremost among them China and India.

Even before talk of investment, one of the main resources of a company lies in its teams. It is no coincidence that Jean-Pascal Tricoire decided in parallel, as he announced internally in late July, to "relocate" in Hong Kong two members of its executive committee: Karen Ferguson, executive director human resources, and Philippe Delorme, Executive Director Strategy and Innovation, based in Europe so far.A total of fourteen members who form the "comex" champion of smart grids and energy, five are based in Europe, five in the United States and four in Asia online payday loan lenders.

The war for talent

It is no coincidence either that the officers dispatched to the new "hub" of Hongkong drive the human resources and strategy. All international companies, General Electric, Siemens, engaged a war without thank you to Asia to recruit the best talent. "We send our best in Asia", recognizes also the CEO of another international group.

The battle rages also to identify and attract good prey. The stakes are high for Schneider, which continues at a run a targeted acquisition strategy.Between May and June, French disbursed within ten days some 2 billion euros to add in his tool kit a Spanish company (Telvent), an Indian (Luminous) and Chinese (Harvest Power Technologies).

While the economic recovery is delayed in Europe and the United States, the dynamic Asian economies stirs envy. The adjustment to which Schneider has just completed, led by the very Sinophile Jean-Pascal Tricoire, could give ideas to Air Liquide, Saint-Gobain and Lafarge other.

We are far, however, the violent change of course given by the British HSBC. The banking giant, headquartered in London but the birthplace in China, was the first to relocate in early 2010, its branch in Hong Kong.He just drive the point home with a strategic plan that includes 30,000 job cuts by 2013, partially offset by 15,000 recruits in emerging markets.

Create a "collective imagination". It is the mission of public broadcasting as Remy Pflimlin, CEO of France Televisions. If he wants to "broaden the public of France Televisions" is less to redress hearings, which have been somewhat volatile, that to build "a public service that addresses all the French," he said Yesterday at the conference back from France Televisions. We must "constantly innovate and ensure that France Television is a reflection of society," says Rémy Pflimlin.

The group announced 30 new leaders of its branches, "to go to an increasingly diverse France." Diversity will also be found in the contents with 100 new programs on the channels of the group. In this wave of new, Rémy Pflimlin is willing to assume some failures."It's the price we pay for innovation," says he.

Result: the cost of channel grid is up this year. It reached 810 million euros on France 2, 820 million euros for France 3 (half of which is now devoted to regional programs), 45 million to France 4, France 5 to 145 million, 28 million for France and 180 O million for the nine channels overseas first. And the contract of objectives and means signed this summer with the state provides for increases of 3% per year over five years cheap credit report. Remy Pflimlin has identified two strategic areas: information and creation.

Back to movie nights

For information, France Televisions has the largest supply of the European audiovisual with more than 50 hours a day. JT and the hearing on 20-h de France is close to that of TF1. The group discusses the election campaign including the program "Words and deeds."On the creation side, the group now spends 20% of its budget to financing of entertainment, or 420 million euros. A significant increase compared to 365 million spent by the team of Patrick de Carolis. The group has signed an agreement that should lead to the development of new French drama. But the results will be on air in a year or two. France 2 will broadcast "contemporary dramas and thrillers," and France 3, of historical fiction. The cinema is back with such a "great movie night" on France 3 on Thursday with Frederic Taddei.

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