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Living under the bankruptcy system, the famous Chapter 11, is not easy for a company. In a document filed with the court last week, the company found, in fact "a marked rise in employee departures in the first quarter." Departures deemed "particularly damaging" to the management level.

That's why Kodak offers to pay $ 8.5 million in an initial group of 119 frames, which still represents more than 71,400 dollars per person, to retain them. Another group of just over 200 employees, has been identified and should receive $ 5 million, or about $ 25,000 per employee.

Out of "Chapter 11" is a real possibility in the United States. The most striking recent example of a successful exit is to make the assets of General Motors bad credit unsecured personal loans. This scheme allows the company to restructure while being protected from its creditors, a situation similar to the existing backup procedure in France. To achieve this, we must however keep its senior most "critical activity and the restructuring process," according to Kodak.

The company explains that "among the 7,600 employees of the group, there are many who have unique skills and value, but the weakness of available funds requires the group to make a strict selection of the beneficiaries" of this plan.

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Unions of La Poste have been heard. Rocked by three suicides in six months, the postal group has taken the measure of social malaise that reigns within its walls. According to the Journal du Dimanche, its CEO, Jean-Paul Bailly, is expected to announce Monday a suspension until September of the reorganization of the branch e. A break of nearly six months during which discussions will be held with employees to improve their working conditions. At the local level, first, the regional offices of the Post Office will begin negotiations on the reduction of work patterns in post offices. At the national level, then, Jean-Paul Bailly launch the establishment of a "social warning unit" and could also release a budget to support the weakest agents, specify the sources cited by the weekly Sunday. Contacted by The Figaro.fr, the group was not immediately available for comment.

La Poste has accelerated its timetable for ending the crisis, after the suicide last Sunday as part of a group in Britain. In a folder left behind, this forty, who had been off long illness since November and was found hanged at his place of work in Brittany, had denounced a hard three years from its hierarchy. This was the second suicide in Breton Post in ten days. February 29, Jeremy Buan, a senior of 28 years, had committed suicide by jumping from the top floor of La Poste in Rennes, in the Ille-et-Vilaine. He too had reported his "outstanding work" in a letter released by his partner. Immediately, the Post Office had opened on Tuesday for talks with the unions on "health and welfare at work", promising that "proposals" would be made "before summer".

The bracketing, albeit provisional, of the restructuring of the business mail should satisfy the unions who denounced social climate "anxiety" since the suicide last September of a 52-year employee who was, also, défenestrée the fourth floor of the financial center of the 15th arrondissement in Paris. "This situation is unfortunately not unique to the post office," said Antoine Le Séguillon this week, a union representative GSC in Figaro.fr. "And it is not unique to Britain," he said hoping that the leadership would engage quickly "concrete actions".

Action plan against erosion mail

Faced with the erosion of its mail business, which it considered that the volumes would collapse by 30% over 2008-2015, the Post Office had drawn a new plan in 2009. Jean-Paul Bailly had emphasized that this branch should "reinvent themselves" by offering new services. Gradually, the schedules of post offices have been extended throughout France, robots have been installed to reduce waiting times for customers and, last September, The Post has completely redesigned its line of mail.

A strategy that has "paid off", welcomed the group during the presentation of its annual results on March 8. While lower volumes continued with a decrease of 3%, after falling 3.3% in 2010, the mail business recorded a turnover stable at EUR 11.5 billion (+ 0.3%), more than half of the total activity of La Poste. But for the unions, these good results have been costly to employees. According to the CGT, it was obtained "at a price of 10,091 job cuts" and an increase in sick leave.

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Inequalities between men and women die hard. On wages, women continued to earn 20% less than men in 2009, INSEE said Wednesday in its latest publication on employment and wages. If this gap has narrowed significantly since 1954 (he was then 35%), it is virtually stagnant since the early 1990s.

This inequality is calculated based on hours of work the same for men and women. But if one takes into account the number of hours actually worked over the year, the gap increases again, due to the higher proportion of women working part-time while they earn nearly 30% of less than men. Positive, however, wage inequality tends to be reduced in less than 25 years.

INSEE explains this persistent inequality by "a qualifying structure" different from each sex. More men, for example, are managers (19% against 12% of women). Even within the same occupational category, inequalities remain payday loans. And sometimes compounded: a female manager in the private sector and 23% earn less than men.

Involuntary part-time

This is partly the effect of the famous "glass ceiling" that prevents women from accessing certain positions. It is also, according to INSEE, the resulting choice of training, industries or career operated by women. Many of them, for example, moving towards the sectors of health or social work, pay less.

The highest proportion of female part-timers do not necessarily result also a choice, especially motivated by family reasons. Even among those who have no children, the proportion of part-time employees is 17% higher than that of men. A figure that reflects the overrepresentation of women in the service sector, where part-time is more widespread.

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The report by the Center for Strategic Analysis in a housing report released Wednesday is brutal: while the subject of aid mobilizes huge (37 billion euros) from the State and local governments, households the less fortunate spend more on housing. In 2005, they spent at this position 41.4% of their income against 25% in 1988.

To improve the situation of more modest in this area, the Center for Strategic Analysis made several proposals, focused on social housing. "First, it should be that only those who earn more than five times the annual rent for a dwelling may be candidates for living," Chriqui advance Vincent, general manager of that agency of the Prime Minister. A measure of common sense would settle with the current situation today, up 64% of households are eligible for public housing.

To reserve social housing for disadvantaged populations, some only dream of being able to expel those whose income has become, over time, well above the maximum income. This would call into question the sacrosanct principle of the right to remain in public housing, one of the cornerstones of the world HLM. Cautiously, the Center for Strategic Analysis does not follow that direction.

However, he has worked on a system where the rent paid by tenants would be modulated according to their income. "In fact, rents are nominally higher and tenants would receive a grant that would cover some of this burden, says Vincent Chriqui. The premium will be lowered when the tenant would see its revenues increase. "To avoid creating too strong reactions in a world quite restive HLM changes of this kind, this system would first be tested by some social landlords . If the Center for Strategic Analysis recommends this solution is that the devices require tenants whose incomes exceed the ceilings to pay additional rent malfunctioning. Normally, a public housing tenant whose remuneration exceeds 20% of the maximum income to pay a surloyer. "But it is a cumbersome process that requires to initiate proceedings," said Vincent Chriqui. Soft law passed in 2009 plans to evict a tenant of public housing for two successive years if its resources are at least two times higher than the ceiling. But we must wait three years after this observation that the measure could be effective. Result: more than three years after its adoption, the text has yet to produce any effects.

Statistical tool

Last priority recommendation of the Center for Strategic Analysis: Building a statistical tool that emphasizes respect for each program HLM, level of public support and the "discount" rent in the social housing compared to private apartments around the park. "By learning about government subsidies and the results they deliver, this should help to refocus the production of social housing where the need is greatest," says Vincent Chriqui.

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The family group is very discreet about its level of profitability, but ensures that the results are sufficient to guarantee its independence and its development without the need for external partner and relatively little use of banks.

Part of the offshore production

"In 2012, the economic environment would be bad in Europe and the United States, recognizes Jean Cassegrain, but we feel no impact in our stores." As a result, the company, which opened 20 stores this year in the world, plans to continue its expansion, even in mature markets. Longchamp is well to open a shop in Nantes. "Our priority is to open boutiques in major European cities in China," says the CEO. Longchamp will open a store in Milan in March.

"The port reform has transformed the relations with the unions

Is more than a breath of fresh air. Thursday's announcement by the second owner worldwide, the group Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC), a new investment of 160 million euros in the Port of Le Havre is proof that the future of shipping lights is not so dark.

MSC will indeed develop over 1400 meters long, four positions for its container, whose capacity could increase from 14,000 to 16,000 containers per ship. Giants of the seas as MSC, previously installed alongside Bougainville, in the inner harbor of Le Havre was not able to accommodate.

Titanic work

"The equipment we deliver to MSC required a public investment of about 320 million euros.The shipowner in turn will invest 160 million in coatings, rails, gates, new technologies … "lists Hervé Cornede, commercial director of the Grand Port Maritime du Havre (GPMH). The work already started should be spread until the end of 2012. Once completed, they will allow the owner-Italian Helvetic reach an annual capacity of 1.4 million containers.

Port 2000, the new port of Le Havre dedicated to container, was inaugurated in March 2006 after four years of titanic work for an investment of 1.3 billion euros. In total 4200 meters of docks were created. And Port 2000 full show soon, since it has more than 700 feet of docks available.

France, she missed electricity this winter? Nine months after the German decision to phase out nuclear reactors eight of seventeen will be stopped before the end of the year, the question of feeding the Hexagon concern to the government. Yesterday, on the occasion of the presentation of the report of the electricity transmission network (RTE) on the transition of winter, the industry minister, Eric Besson, has expressed its "vigilance".

Governments based on the calculations of the EDF subsidiary responsible for networks and very high tension. In the first nine months of the year, French exports of electricity to Germany increased by 11% over 2010, while imports fell by 50%.With all these elements, RTE suggests a risk of disruption "moderate fast cash loans."

Regarding the availability of the generation French, it is mixed: most important for the period January, at least in contrast to the months of November and December, due to the revised schedule of the facility.

Wednesday, Eric Besson welcomed RTE can count on an average of 1400 MW: Further expansion of wind power, new combined cycle gas came expand the portfolio of means of production.

Remains the black spot in Britain, has long been known. The region, which produces only 8% of the electricity it consumes, is particularly fragile. Certainly, infrastructure building projects exist, but they are slow to be realized.

The mood is gloomy Tuesday in the Paris Bourse. The debt crisis and fears of a default still saddled Greek markets. The CAC began the session down 1.49% at 2 883.29 points after having already closed on Monday, down 1.85% to 2926.83 euros. Dexia tumble more than 15% in early trade. Elsewhere in Europe, London was down 1.40% to 5,004.51 points and Frankfurt from 1.72% to 5376.60 points. Also down sharply, Wall Street Monday reached its lowest level since September 2010.

Dexia tumble more than 15% in early trade

Monday evening, the finance ministers of the Eurogroup announced after their meeting that they see "in October," the decision on the next tranche of 8 billion euros to Greece.Europe is planning to review the particupation private sector in the second aid plan and is considering increasing the relief fund for indebted countries (EFSF). Finance Ministers have also agreed on the granting of collateral in exchange for loans to Greece.

Athens, meanwhile, announced new measures after Sunday warned that the country would not meet its deficit targets required by its creditors.

Oil down

Despite these announcements, this is no time to calm the markets on Tuesday morning. In Asia, the Nikkei yield 1.31% to 8433.27 points and the Hang Seng in Hong Kong 1.59% to 16,554 points. Fears weigh on the euro area also on the European currency has reached Monday, a low of ten years against the Japanese currency at 100.96, yen.This morning the euro is worth 101.21 yen and 1.3218 dollar.

Oil markets, concerns about the global economy weigh on prices: a barrel of "light sweet crude" for delivery in November lost $ 1 absolutely free credit score.11, to 76.50 dollars in early electronic trading. A barrel of Brent North Sea crude for November delivery gave up 92 cents to 100.79 dollars.

In terms of macroeconomic indicators, investors will pay attention to the publication of industrial producer prices in the euro zone at least August. Overseas, industrial orders in the U.S. for August are expected in 16 hours. At the same time, the president of the Federal Reserve, Ben Bernanke, scheduled to speak before a congressional committee on "economic forecasts".

Dexia has announced the sale of its flagship

The entire banking sector will be followed on Tuesday.The board of directors of Dexia announced last night to have initiated a process to solve the structural problems of the group but did not mention track in particular. The Franco-Belgian bank should sell its flagship accelerated and isolation of its non-performing assets in a "bad bank". His last note was placed on negative watch by Moody's.

GDF Suez has completed the sale of the Rete Gas G6 consortium of infrastructure funds F2i, AXA Private Equity and Enel Distribution. The sale values ​​the distribution assets at an enterprise value of 772 million euros, to 103% of the regulated asset base in 2010, 9.3 times Ebitda and 17.5 times net income. This was announced in June.

Bonduelle has presented a sharp drop in its annual net profit by 48% to 30.4 million but expected a rebound in profitability for the year 2011-2012.The food group is also in talks to buy the vegetables Aucy in Russia.

European solidarity is crumbling a little more each passing day, while Greece and by extension the whole euro area plunged into crisis. The new wake-up call came Thursday from the Netherlands, already among the most reluctant to accept the end of July a second bailout of Greece. Exclusion from the euro area is no longer taboo.

The Dutch Minister of Finance Jan Kees de Jager, called Thursday for sanctions on countries in the euro area that do not fit European requirements for fiscal discipline. "If a country does not wish to meet the requirements, then there is no other option but to leave," said the minister. He added: "If we can not keep to the rules of the game, then you must leave the game" but added that it was only "a last resort."The day before, the Liberal Prime Minister Mark Rutte had already called for the creation of a post of European Commissioner responsible for enforcing the stability pact, demanding the implementation of sanctions as a limitation of funds or a loss of the right vote.

These misgivings, if they meet the concerns of domestic politics, can not find at least resonate with its neighbors. Finland still requires, in exchange for his participation in the aid plan, strict guarantees, while Slovakia has postponed the approval of the December European Financial Stability Fund (EFSF).

Tutelage

The Dutch minister said that the remaining German and Finnish counterparts, met Tuesday in Berlin, welcomed the proposals.The chairman of the Financial Markets Authority (AMF) has poured oil on the fire, speaking in a setting under supervision of Greece, on failure of the bailout and failure of economic commitments. "Yes, if there is no other measure, it must be done," said Jean-Pierre Jouyet, former Secretary of State for European Affairs. At the same time, Athens warned Thursday by the voice of the Minister of Economy, the deficit will be higher than expected because of the recession. The European Commission has tried to defuse the pressure: "No release or removal of the euro area is possible after the Treaty of Lisbon. Participation in the euro area is irrevocable. "

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